Ntiaj teb no Plastic Pollution Control tau nkag mus rau theem tshiab

Kev tsim cov yas tau nce los ntawm 2 lab tons hauv xyoo 1950 txog 348 lab tons hauv 2017, ua rau nws yog $ 522.6 billion thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam uas xav tias yuav muaj peev xwm ob npaug los ntawm 2040.

Kev tsim, siv thiab pov tseg cov yas tsis raug yog twb muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau peb lub ntiaj teb kev kub ntxhov ntawm kev hloov pauv huab cua, biodiversity thiab muaj kuab paug. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob Coronavirus tshiab tshwm sim, kev siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv (xws li lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, tiv thaiv khaub ncaws, thiab lwm yam), ib zaug - siv cov yas, thiab lwm yam, tau ua rau cov khoom pov tseg yas ntau ntxiv.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov pa phem yas

Tam sim no, cov teeb meem muaj kuab paug yas hauv ntiaj teb feem ntau suav nrog Marine khib nyiab thiab microplastic pollution. Kev tsim khoom loj thiab siv cov khoom siv yas pov tseg ua rau cov pa phem ntau dua thiab hnyav dua.

Microplastics xa mus rau cov khoom siv yas uas muaj txoj kab uas hla tsawg dua 5 hli, uas yog ib puag ncig zoo ntawm cov yas thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm cov pa phem ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab kho cov yas. Thaum ntxov li xyoo 2004, Thompson thiab al los ntawm Plymouth University tau muab lub tswv yim ntawm "microplastics" hauv Science magazine thawj zaug, thiab tib neeg maj mam pib mob siab rau qhov teeb meem ntawm microplastics hauv dej hiav txwv. Ordinary plastics feem ntau tsis degrade mus rau qib molecular, tab sis tuaj yeem tawg hauv ib puag ncig ntuj, tsim cov khoom siv yas thiab txawm tias microplastics. Qee cov khoom siv yas, xws li tshuaj pleev ib ce, siv cov hlaws yas ua cov khoom tawg, thiab cov hlaws dai no kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm microplastics hauv dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv ntxiv hauv cov khoom yas, qee yam uas yog cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab muaj kev phom sij, kuj yuav raug tso tawm rau hauv ib puag ncig ntuj, thaum kawg ua rau dej thiab av paug. Cov no ntws mus rau hauv cov dej ntws thiab dej hiav txwv thiab decompose mus rau hauv cov me me, ua rau Marine microplastic pa phem, uas muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau Marine ecological ib puag ncig. Microplastics kuj tuaj yeem sau rau hauv tib neeg tom qab lawv noj cov ntses kis nrog lawv thiab tsim teeb meem.

Kev tswj hwm yas thoob ntiaj teb yog los txhawb kev siv ntau yam kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm los ntawm cov lus pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb ntawm United Nations. Los ntawm UN cov tswvcuab hauv lub xeev thiab thoob ntiaj teb Tsis yog-Cov koomhaum tseemfwv los tsim kom muaj huab cua, los ntawm UN lossis lub koom haum tshwj xeeb platform kom maj mam siv cov ntawv cog lus tshiab plastics los txhawb thiab tsim cov txheej txheem.

Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2015, Lub Rooj Sib Tham 70th ntawm United Nations General Assembly tau lees paub 2030 Cov Txheej Txheem rau Kev Txhim Kho Kom Zoo Tshaj Plaws hauv United Nations Summit on Sustainable Development, uas lub hom phiaj thib 14 -- "Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev siv dej hiav txwv kom ruaj khov thiab Marine cov peev txheej rau kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov" hu rau txhua hom kev tiv thaiv thiab kev ua kom tsis zoo. 2025. Cov pa phem los ntawm cov dej num hauv av, tshwj xeeb, muab lub hom phiaj meej meej rau kev hais txog Marine litter thiab microplastics, thaum SDGS 6, 11 thiab 12 yog txhua yam cuam tshuam nrog microplastics hauv dej hiav txwv.

Kev txhawb nqa los ntawm kev ntxiv dag zog ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm United Nations Environment Assembly, lub ntsiab lus ntawm Marine cov pa phem tau tshwm sim thawj zaug hauv kev daws teeb meem ntawm 71st Lub Rooj Sib Tham ntawm United Nations Environment Assembly thaum Lub Xya Hli 2017 -- "Peb Oceans, Peb Lub Neej Yav Tom Ntej: Hu rau kev nqis tes ua, thiab muab tso rau pem hauv ntej los txhawb kev tiv thaiv kev tsim khoom pov tseg thiab kev noj qab haus huv, kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv. peb- txoj hauv kev: txo qis, rov siv dua thiab rov ua dua tshiab, suav nrog kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam raws li kev daws teeb meem thiab txo cov khib nyiab, txhim kho ib puag ncig zoo kev tswj hwm pov tseg thiab pov tseg thiab rov ua dua tshiab, txhim kho lwm txoj hauv kev, xws li tuaj yeem rov siv dua lossis rov ua dua tshiab, lossis cov khoom siv biodegradable nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso.

Thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws United Nations Environment Assembly ntawm lub ntiaj teb no kev tswj hwm cov teeb meem yas ntawm kev daws teeb meem, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa phem yog maj mam nce. Qhov teeb meem ntawm cov pa phem tau dhau los ntawm United Nations Environment Conference rau United Nations General Assembly, tom qab ntawd tau tham hauv United Nations Environment Conference, thiab tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm United Nations General Assembly, qhia ib qho hauv qab -nce, los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab.

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Txheej txheem raws li United Nations Environment Assembly

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm cov pa phem thoob ntiaj teb yog United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), uas nws Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb, United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA), yog qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb - ua lub platform rau cov neeg koom tes los koom tes hauv kev hais txog cov pa phem thoob ntiaj teb. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis Ntuj xyoo 2014, lub koom haum United Nations ib puag ncig kev pab cuam (unep) tau tuav nws thawj lub rooj sib tham United Nations rau ib puag ncig, lub rooj sib tham tau txais "I / 6 ntawm dej hiav txwv thiab kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov khib nyiab micro yas", kom paub txog lub hauv paus ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm micro plastics, cov yam ntxwv, kev cuam tshuam thiab yuav tsum tau ua raws sijhawm, hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev ceev faj thiab kev tsim txom ntawm kev siv tsis raug cai los yog kev ntsuas.

Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2016, Lub Rooj Sib Tham Thib Ob ntawm United Nations Environment Assembly tau txais kev daws teeb meem II / 11 ntawm Marine Debris thiab Microplastics, coj los ntawm tag nrho cov hom phiaj ntawm 2030 Cov Txheej Txheem rau Kev Txhim Kho Kom Zoo, lees paub qhov teeb meem loj, xav tau kev teb thoob ntiaj teb raws li cov khoom lag luam lub neej voj voog mus kom ze, thiab qhov yuav tsum tau xav txog qhov sib txawv hauv cheeb tsam.

Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2017, Lub Rooj Sib Tham Thib Peb ntawm United Nations Environment Conference tau txais kev daws teeb meem III/7 ntawm Marine khib nyiab thiab Microplastics, raws li cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm GENERAL Assembly daws teeb meem thiab nrog rau kev txiav txim siab ntxiv rau kev siv kom ntxaws, thiab txiav txim siab los sib sau ua ke AD hoc qhib- xaus pawg kws tshaj lij lub rooj sib tham yog tias muaj peev txheej muaj. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntxiv txog cov teeb meem thiab cov kev xaiv rau kev tswj cov khoom pov tseg Marine thiab microplastics los ntawm txhua qhov chaw, tshwj xeeb yog thaj av-raws li qhov chaw. Nws kuj tseem hu xov tooj rau kev mloog rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv cov qauv ntawm tus cwj pwm thiab hais kom cov teb chaws txo qis kev tsim khoom thiab siv cov yas thiab ua kom tiav lawv cov lus cog tseg. Qhov no tau pab hloov lub hom phiaj ntawm 72nd (2017), 73rd (2018) thiab 74th (2019) SESSIONS ntawm UN General Assembly los ntawm kev tsim cov tswv yim macro rau kev nqis tes ua, nrog cov kev daws teeb meem hauv Harmony nrog Nature rov lees paub qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev hloov pauv hauv txoj hauv kev thoob ntiaj teb kev loj hlob thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Thiab hais tias txhua lub teb chaws yuav tsum txhawb nqa cov qauv kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev tsim khoom.

Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2019, Lub Rooj Sib Tham Thib Plaub ntawm United Nations Environment Assembly tau tsim ob qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev tswj hwm yas thoob ntiaj teb thawj zaug, tau txais kev daws teeb meem IV/6 ntawm Marine litter thiab microplastics thiab RESOLUTION IV/9 ntawm ib zaug -siv plastics. IV/6 Txiav txim siab txuas ntxiv lub luag haujlwm ntawm AD Hoc Open- xaus Pawg Kws Tshaj Lij rau Marine Litter thiab microplastics tsim los ntawm UNEA-3 rau UNEA-5. Qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm ib zaug -siv plastics tau ntxiv tshwj xeeb hauv kev lees paub tias feem pua ​​​​tsawg ntawm ib qho - siv cov yas uas tsim los yog rov ua dua tshiab thiab feem ntau ntawm cov yas xaus rau hauv qhov chaw pov tseg, pov tseg thiab ib puag ncig. Qhov kev daws teeb meem txhawb nqa txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov pa phem yas los ntawm kev xav txog lub neej, xws li kev nthuav qhia cov neeg tsim khoom txuas ntxiv lub luag haujlwm thiab cov phiaj xwm nyiaj rov qab. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 21, 2020, 75th United Nations lub rooj sib tham dav dav tau tshaj tawm "raws li <> nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev tsim khoom xws li kev ua tiav <2030> ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov, kuj koom nrog hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm Marine pov tseg, yas thiab yas, thiab lees paub tias kev siv cov khoom pov tseg thiab kev sib txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv yas, thiab kev sib txuas ntxiv ntawm kev siv cov khoom pov tseg. Recycle plastics; Raws li qhov kev faib ua feem me me ntawm cov khoom siv yas ib zaug siv rov ua dua tshiab hauv Kev Sib Tham Thib plaub ntawm United Nations Environment Conference, kev tswj hwm kev tiv thaiv tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej thiab cov txheej txheem tshiab tau txais kev pom zoo los daws txhua yam khoom pov tseg xws li Marine plastics pov tseg.

Lub rooj sib tham thib tsib ntawm United Nations Environment Assembly, tuav los ntawm 28 Lub Ob Hlis mus rau 2 Lub Peb Hlis 2022, tau txais kev daws teeb meem "Kev Xaus Cov Plastics: Mus rau ib qho kev cai lij choj thoob ntiaj teb". Qhov xav tau rau kev nqis tes ua thoob ntiaj teb ntxiv los tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo thoob ntiaj teb cov cuab yeej ntawm cov pa phem yas hauv Marine ib puag ncig tau hais txog. Thiab thov Tus Thawj Coj Thawj Coj los sib tham Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Sib Tham los pib ua haujlwm hauv ib nrab xyoo 2022, nrog lub hom phiaj ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm thaum kawg ntawm 2024. Cov cuab yeej tshiab thoob ntiaj teb tsom rau kev muaj peev xwm -lub tsev nrog rau kev pab cuam thiab nyiaj txiag thiab tau hais tias nws yog raws li kev sib koom ua ke mus rau tag nrho lub neej voj voog ntawm cov yas. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm yav dhau los United Nations Environment congresses kuj tseem qhia txog kev siv zog los txhawb kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv cov yas thiab kev nce qib hauv kev siv cov cuab yeej ntsuas raws sij hawm.

United Nations Environment Assembly tau ua tiav zoo hauv kev tswj hwm yas thoob ntiaj teb. Inger Andersen, tus thawj coj ntawm United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), tau hais txog kev cia siab rau yav tom ntej ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab plastics Convention ntawm lub rooj sib tham thib tsib ntawm UN Environment Assembly. Nws tau hais rau lub rooj sib tham tias nws yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb kev sib koom ua ke ib puag ncig txij li Daim Ntawv Pom Zoo Paris.

Kev muab tso ua ke thiab kev tsim kho cov txheej txheem digital traceability rau Marine Plastic Recycling thiab Recycling Traceability Evaluation Requirements thiab Post-Consumption Recycled Plastics (PCR) Traceability Evaluation Requirements tau tsim los ntawm CPRRA Technical Committee rau Marine Pollution Prevention and Control tau ua tiav:

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Cov txheej txheem raws li kev cog lus thoob ntiaj teb multilateral ib puag ncig

Cov ntawv cog lus ntau yam ib puag ncig uas twb muaj lawm cuam tshuam txog kev tswj hwm yas thoob ntiaj teb feem ntau suav nrog peb yam hauv qab no: Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes thiab Lawv Pov Tseg (tom qab no hu ua Basel Convention), uas yog lub hom phiaj los tswj kev lag luam hla teb chaws ntawm cov pov tseg yas thiab txhawb kev pov tseg ib puag ncig; Ib lub rooj sib tham thoob ntiaj teb tswj hwm los ntawm International Maritime Organization (IMO), uas yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev tswj cov khoom pov tseg yas cuam tshuam txog kev xa khoom los tiv thaiv Marine pollution; Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (NTAWM NO hu ua Stockholm Convention) aims los tiv thaiv tib neeg noj qab haus huv los ntawm plastics, tsom rau microplastics los yog additives nyob rau hauv plastics, raws li zoo raws li kev tiv thaiv muaj kuab paug thiab kev tswj ntawm ib puag ncig persistent plastics. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov rooj sib tham no ncaj qha hais txog cov teeb meem yas thoob ntiaj teb, thiab tseem tsis muaj kev pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb los daws cov pa phem hauv lub ntiaj teb.

Thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1972, Daim Ntawv Cog Lus Txog Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Ua Phem Rau Tubrog Nkoj los ntawm Kev Pov Hwm Pov Hwm thiab Lwm Yam Khoom (tseem hu ua 1972 London Convention) tau kos npe nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm IMO. Peb qhov kev txuas ntxiv rau Cov Lus Cog Tseg, raws li, cov khoom uas txwv tsis pub muab pov tseg rau hauv hiav txwv, cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau muaj daim ntawv tso cai tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom uas xav tau daim ntawv tso cai dav dav kom muab pov tseg. Raws li qhov no, xyoo 1996 Txoj Cai rau Cov Lus Cog Tseg ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Ua qias tuaj ntawm Hiav Txwv los ntawm Kev Pov Hwm Pov Hwm thiab Lwm Yam Khoom ntawm Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1996 tau nruj cov cai ntawm cov khoom tso cai pov tseg, uas yog, tsuas yog cov khoom lag luam uas tau teev tseg hauv Cov Ntawv Ntxiv raug tso cai pov tseg thiab cov khoom tsis muaj npe raug txwv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1973, imo tau tsim lub International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Nkoj raws li 1954 International Convention on Maritime Oil Pollution, annexes III and V of which two ob leeg muab kev cai rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm Marine plastic pollution. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv ntawm kev hloov kho xyoo 2016, muaj cov kev cai ntxiv thiab cov kev cai ntawm kev faib tawm, kev tso tawm thiab sau cov khib nyiab hauv nkoj, thiab "cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg khib nyiab" tau tsim los rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab saib xyuas. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2018, IMO tau txais txoj Kev Npaj Ua Haujlwm ntawm Tackling Marine Plastic Waste los ntawm Nkoj los ntsuas los txo cov pa phem Marine los ntawm nkoj.

Kev hloov kho ntawm qhov txuas ntxiv rau Basel Convention thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2019 yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm yas thoob ntiaj teb, uas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tswj cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb rau cov pov tseg yas los ntawm txoj cai thoob ntiaj teb. Basel Convention suav nrog feem ntau ntawm cov pov tseg yas, suav nrog cov pov tseg yas uas tsis yog- rov ua dua thiab tsis muaj paug, nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm Convention, uas yog cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv II thiab VIII, thiab cov khoom pov tseg me me ntawm cov yas pov tseg uas tau teev tseg hauv Annex IX nce qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau kev rov ua dua ib puag ncig zoo.

Zoo siab txais tos tuaj koom "Plastic Recycling Industry Research" pauv pawg: ntev nias kom paub cov qr code hauv qab no, thiab yingke, Yingtuo, Costar, Veolia Huafei, Jinhui, Kemao Ib puag ncig, Xavier, Luhai Environmental Protection, Mitsubishi Chemical, Ningbo Daihatsu thiab lwm tus tswv cuab kev lag luam sib txuas lus, kom ua tiav qhov kev yeej!{0}

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Cov txheej txheem ntawm lwm lub koom haum thoob ntiaj teb

Txij li xyoo 2018, WWF tau tshaj tawm nws txoj haujlwm "Tsis muaj Plastic hauv Xwm" thoob ntiaj teb. Tom qab ntau tshaj peb xyoos ntawm kev coj ua thoob ntiaj teb, WWF tau lees paub tias qhov kev sib cog lus tshiab thoob ntiaj teb raug cai yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los daws cov pa phem hauv dej hiav txwv. Nws tau tshaj tawm thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2022 cov pa phem yas cuam tshuam rau biodiversity, tsab ntawv tshaj tawm kuj tau taw qhia tias yog tias tam sim no tsis ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb los txo cov khoom siv yas thiab siv, Marine cov pa phem yuav nce plaub zaug hauv 2050, nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 2022 lub rooj sib tham thib tsib ntawm United Nations lub rooj sib tham ntawm ib puag ncig tso rau hauv huab cua rendering tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.

Thaum Lub Plaub Hlis 2019, Nordic Ministerial tshaj tawm tau thov kom muaj kev pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb los tawm tsam cov khib nyiab yas thiab microplastics hauv dej hiav txwv, uas txhawb "cov neeg nyiam tuaj koom kev hu rau kev pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb tshiab thiab koom nrog hauv AD hoc qhib- xaus pab pawg kws tshaj lij tsim los ntawm UN Environment Assembly". Thaum Lub Xya Hli Ntuj xyoo ntawd, St. John's Declaration of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) "pom qhov kev xav tau ceev rau kev pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb los daws cov pa phem ntawm cov yas thiab microplastic". Daim ntawv tshaj tawm Durban ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm rau Ib puag ncig Sustainability thiab Kev vam meej hauv Africa, tau txais kev pom zoo ntawm 17th African Ministerial Conference on the Environment (AMCEN) thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis, tau hais tias "Peb tau cog lus los txhawb kev thoob ntiaj teb los daws cov pa phem, uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntxiv kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tswj hwm thoob ntiaj teb cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev cog lus yas thoob ntiaj teb, thiab ntxiv rau kev cog lus tshiab rau cov pa phem hauv ntiaj teb.

Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2020, EU Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam Tshiab Txoj Haujlwm Ua Haujlwm tau hais tias "European Commission yuav coj kev siv zog ntawm thoob ntiaj teb kom xaus lub rooj sib tham plastics thoob ntiaj teb thiab txhawb txoj kev lag luam ncig mus rau plastics hauv EU".

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Ntiaj teb no cov yas muaj kuab paug tswj qhov chaw kub

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Txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov kev cai yas

Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2021, Peru thiab Rwanda, ua ke nrog ntau dua 30 lub teb chaws, tau xa daim ntawv thov kev cai lij choj International Instrument on Plastic Pollution mus rau United Nations Environment Assembly, tawm tswv yim tias yuav tsim ib lub koom haum kev sib tham sib tham (INC) los tsim ib qho kev cai lij choj thoob ntiaj teb cov cuab yeej los ntawm kev pom ntawm tag nrho lub neej kev tswj hwm ntawm yas. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2021, Nyiv tau xa daim ntawv thov rau cov cuab yeej kev cai lij choj thoob ntiaj teb ntawm Marine Plastic Pollution, tawm tswv yim tias cov cuab yeej siv tau txwv rau kev tswj hwm cov pa phem Marine. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 2022, Is Nrias teb tau xa ib daim ntawv thov rau Lub Hauv Paus rau Kev Hais Txog Kev Ua qias tuaj ntawm cov yas, suav nrog ib zaug - siv cov yas, tawm tswv yim tias qhov teeb meem ntawm cov pa phem yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau kev yeem ua ntawm cov tswv cuab hauv lub xeev thiab ua tiav los ntawm kev yeem ua ntawm lub zej zog thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov teeb meem no tau tham txog qhov nthuav dav ntawm Lub Rooj Sib Tham thib tsib ntawm United Nations Environment Assembly. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv kev hais kom muaj zog ntawm ntau lub teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam xws li European Union, lub rooj sib tham thaum kawg tau pom zoo qhov kev txiav txim siab los tsim INC, tab sis lub hom phiaj thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub rooj sib tham tseem yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tham tom ntej.

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Kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm plastics convention

Lub Rooj Sib Tham thib tsib ntawm United Nations Environment Assembly tau tham txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub rooj sib tham, uas yog, kev sib raug zoo raws li txoj cai ntawm Txoj Cai. Txawm hais tias qhov kev cog lus tshiab yuav tsum raug cai, kev yeem siab zoo li Paris daim ntawv cog lus, lossis ob qho tib si ua ke.

Russia tau tawm tsam rau US cov lus pom zoo tias INTERGOVERNMENTAL Negotiating Committee txiav txim siab "kev cai lij choj thiab tsis yog- cov lus cog tseg" thaum tsim cov cuab yeej raug cai thoob ntiaj teb. EU nyiam "kev cai" los hloov cov lus cog tseg, thiab muaj kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Asmeskas, Brazil thiab Chile. Peru tawm tswv yim kom siv cov lus pom zoo ntawm Minamata Convention on Mercury, uas "tuaj yeem suav nrog kev sib raug zoo raws cai thiab tsis yog-cov kev cai lij choj", tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm feem ntau ntawm lub tebchaws. Txawm hais tias cov tswvcuab hauv lub xeev tau ua tiav qhov kev pom zoo dav dav ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tias lub rooj sib tham tshiab yuav tsum raug cai thiab tsis yog- khi, yuav ua li cas npaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tham yav tom ntej.

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Kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov Scope ntawm Plastics Convention

Hais txog lub hom phiaj thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm Plastics Convention tshiab, Alliance of Small Island States thiab African Group, nrog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm European Union, tau pom zoo tias Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Sib Tham Sib Tham tsim kom muaj xws li nyob rau hauv Marine ib puag ncig "(Plastic pollution, nrog rau hauv Marine Ib puag ncig) Kuj tseem muaj lub teb chaws uas nyiam tso cai rau Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm nws tus kheej kev txiav txim siab. Marine ib puag ncig ". Pom zoo rau pawg neeg ua haujlwm, pawg neeg sib tham sib tham hauv tsoomfwv yuav tsim "txog cov pa phem ntawm cov yas, nrog rau Marine ib puag ncig" ntawm cov pa phem raws li kev cai thoob ntiaj teb cov cuab yeej, suav nrog txoj kev khi thiab kev yeem, tib lub sijhawm, xav txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Rio tshaj tawm yuav nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov yas kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub neej voj voog.

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Lub rooj sib tham thib tsib ntawm United Nations lub rooj sib tham ntawm ib puag ncig los ntawm kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev tsim INC yog keeb kwm, kuj tseem txhawb nqa, kev kwv yees yog kev sib raug zoo ntau yam kev cog lus ib puag ncig yuav muaj tseeb nyob rau yav tom ntej, nws embodies lub tswv yim kev vam meej hauv xyoo tas los no thiab kev thawb ntawm ntau lub koom haum thoob ntiaj teb thiab lub teb chaws. Kev tswj hwm yas thoob ntiaj teb tab tom ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev txhim kho me ntsis los ntawm lub tswv yim thiab txoj cai tawm tswv yim rau kev siv cov lus pom zoo thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau qhov kev pom zoo tshwj xeeb, uas tseem sawv cev rau lub zeem muag ntawm kev tswj hwm thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev nrhiav thiab kev cia siab ntawm "mus rau kev ua qias tuaj- ntiaj chaw dawb".

Tau kawg, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no, peb kuj cia siab tias Plastics Convention tshiab "nyob twj ywm raws li nws lub siab nyiam" thiab tsom mus rau cov teeb meem yas uas tau txheeb xyuas hauv UNEA-1 kev daws teeb meem ntawm Marine khib nyiab thiab Microplastics thiab nws cov kev daws teeb meem tom ntej, txhawm rau pab txhawb kev daws teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb ib puag ncig. Lub rooj sib tham tshiab tseem yuav tsum zam kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau lub zej zog thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm kev nyiag nws raws li "kev xav ntawm pej xeem", tsom mus rau cov teeb meem kev lag luam thiab kev loj hlob, thiab tsim kom muaj "kev lag luam teeb meem" thiab "kev cuam tshuam kev lag luam". Lub rooj sib tham tshiab yuav tsum tau siv tag nrho cov kev pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb ntau thaj chaw ib puag ncig thiab siv ntau txoj hauv kev los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm Marine khib nyiab thiab microplastics.